Protocolos de reabilitação e fisioterapia em pacientes acometidos pela COVID-19
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Resumo
A COVID-19 representa uma emergência internacional devido ao número crescente de pessoas infectadas e falecidas em todo o mundo. Os pacientes recuperados podem sofrer efeitos e sequelas respiratórias, cardíacas e neurológicas, o que afeta sua qualidade de vida. O objetivo deste artigo foi reconstruir os protocolos de reabilitação respiratória, cardiovascular, neurológica e neuromuscular e de fisioterapia para pacientes afetados pela COVID-19, com base em evidências científicas relatadas. Para tanto, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica nas principais bases de dados internacionais (PubMed, SciELO, Google Scholar, entre outras). As palavras-chave foram utilizadas para a busca: COVID-19, síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo, fisioterapia, reabilitação respiratória, reabilitação cardiovascular, reabilitação neuromuscular e neurológica, nos idiomas inglês e espanhol. Esses protocolos atribuem melhorias significativas nas sequelas e na qualidade de vida dos pacientes. São recomendados exercícios de fisioterapia respiratória em posição prona, treinamento muscular inspiratório, exercícios aeróbicos e treinamento moderado de força muscular. Os resultados da aplicação desses protocolos são satisfatórios na recuperação dos pacientes.
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