Biomechanical differences between advanced and amateur players in the execution of the free kick in soccer/Diferencias biomecánicas entre jugadores avanzados y amateur en la ejecución del tiro libre en fútbol

Abstract

The free kick in soccer is one of the important sports techniques, which allows the game to resume after a foul committed by the other player. The enhancement of specific motor skills allows the development of higher performance in the short and long term, for which its characterization is important to develop specialized methodologies in the stages of sports initiation. In this sense, the present research aimed to analyze the biomechanical differences of the free kick between advanced and amateur soccer players. This study is of a descriptive-explanatory type of correlational order, 30 soccer players from the Chiqui Park Soccer School (16-32 years of age) are intentionally diagnosed, classified into two independent groups, group 1 with advanced soccer players, and group 2 with amateur level soccerers. Three variables of interest are evaluated: the Initial Angle of the Unipodal Phase (AIFU in Spanish), the Final Angle of the Final Phase (AFF in Spanish), and the Execution Time of the Free Throw (TE in Spanish). There are no significant differences between independent groups in the angular variables AIFU (p=0.683) and AFF (p=0.389), and a significant difference in favor of group 2 in the variable TE (p=0.000). However, all the average ranges favored the advanced level players. There is a need to comprehensively establish larger studies that characterize the training categories studied, serving as a theoretical basis and methodology that supports the development of technical-tactical and physical actions of consideration in the processes of sports training management.